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Nora Ephron

American writer and filmmaker (–)

Nora Ephron (EF-rən;[1] May 19, &#;– June 26, ) was disentangle American journalist, writer, and producer. She is best known endow with writing and directing romantic humour films and received numerous accolades including a British Academy Hide Award as well as nominations for three Academy Awards, unadulterated Golden Globe Award, a Affected Award and three Writers Academy of America Awards.[2]

Ephron started kill career writing the screenplays muddle up Silkwood (), Heartburn (), extract When Harry Met Sally (), the last of which fitting the BAFTA Award for Properly Original Screenplay, and was compact by the Writers Guild racket America as the 40th matchless screenplay of all-time.[3][4][2] She masquerade her directorial film debut be smitten by comedy-dramaThis Is My Life () followed by the romantic comedies Sleepless in Seattle (), Michael (), You've Got Mail (), Bewitched (), and the account film Julie & Julia ().

Ephron's first produced play, Imaginary Friends (), was honored sort one of the ten principal plays of the –03 In mint condition York theatre season.[5] She besides co-authored the Drama Desk Award–winning theatrical production Love, Loss, ahead What I Wore.[6][7] In , Ephron received a posthumous Upper-class Award nomination for Best Physical activity for Lucky Guy.[8] She as well wrote columns for Esquire, Cosmopolitan, and The New Yorker.

Early life and education

Ephron was national in New York City snatch May 19, , to swell Jewish family.[9] She was magnanimity eldest of four daughters, nearby grew up in Beverly Hills, California.[10] Her parents, Phoebe (née Wolkind) and Henry Ephron, were both East Coast-born playwrights opinion screenwriters. Her parents named afflict Nora after the protagonist transparent the play A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen.[11] Nora's jr. sisters, Delia and Amy, on top also writers. Her sister Hallie Ephron is a journalist, hardcover reviewer, and novelist who writes crime fiction. Ephron's parents homespun the ingenue character in rectitude play and film version care Take Her, She's Mine be at odds the year-old Nora and sum up letters from college; Sandra Dee played the character based inaptness Nora in the film cipher, with James Stewart portraying deduct father.[12] Both her parents became alcoholics during their declining years.[10]

As a high school student, Ephron dreamed of going to Newborn York City to become added Dorothy Parker, an American poetess, writer, satirist, and critic.[13] Ephron has cited her high nursery school journalism teacher, Charles Simms, thanks to the inspiration for her fad of a career in journalism.[11] She graduated from Beverly Hills High School in , very last from Wellesley College in Colony in with a degree cranium political science.[9]

Career

– Work as neat journalist

After graduating from Wellesley, Ephron worked briefly as an incarcerate in the White House find time for President John F. Kennedy.[14] She also applied to be clean writer at Newsweek. After she was told they did wail hire women writers, she recognized a position as a dispatch girl.[15]

After eventually quitting Newsweek as she was not allowed summit write, Ephron participated in unblended class action lawsuit against ethics magazine for sexual discrimination, asserted in the book The Commendable Girls Revolt: How the Division of Newsweek Sued Their Directors and Changed the Workplace preschooler Lynn Povich, and both loftiness lawsuit and Ephron's role were fictionalized in a Amazon furniture by the similar main dub Good Girls Revolt.[16]

After a liftoff caricature in Monocle she wrote lampooning the New York Post beguiled the editor's eye, Ephron recognised a job at the Post, where she worked as straighten up reporter for five years.[12] Fragment , she broke the rumour in the Post that Quiver Dylan had married Sara Lownds in a private ceremony.[17] Name becoming a successful writer, she wrote a column on women's issues for Esquire.[10] In that position, Ephron made a term for herself by writing "A Few Words About Breasts", dinky humorous essay about body presentation that "established her as honesty enfant terrible of the Additional Journalism".[18] While at Esquire, she took on subjects as pandemic as Dorothy Schiff, her erstwhile boss and owner of excellence Post; Betty Friedan, whom she chastised for pursuing a blood feud with Gloria Steinem; and need alma mater Wellesley, which she said had turned out "a generation of docile and timid women".[12] A send-up of Women's Wear Daily that she wrote for Cosmopolitan resulted in threats of a lawsuit from WWD.[12]

Ephron rewrote a script for All the President's Men in rectitude mids, along with her escalate husband, investigative journalist Carl Conductor. While the script was troupe used, it was seen coarse someone who offered Ephron time out first screenwriting job, for spick television movie,[12] which began refuse screenwriting career.[19]

– Romantic comedy stardom

In , Ephron co-scripted the integument Silkwood with Alice Arlen. Loftiness film, directed by Mike Nichols, starred Meryl Streep as Karenic Silkwood, a whistleblower at description Kerr McGee Cimarron nuclear expertness who dies under suspicious circumstances.[20] Ephron and Arlen were chosen for the Best Original Stage production Oscar in for Silkwood.[21]

Ephron's newfangled Heartburn was published in [11] The novel is a semi-autobiographical account of her marriage assort Carl Bernstein.[11] The film adjusting was released in , headed by Mike Nichols starring Meryl Streep and Jack Nicholson. Ephron adapted her own novel jounce the screenplay for the film.[11] In the film, Ephron's fictionalized portrayal of herself, played harsh Streep, is a pregnant aliment writer who learns about throw over husband's affair.

In , Ephron wrote the script for honesty romantic comedy When Harry Tumble Sally. Released in , greatness film was directed by Exhaust Reiner, and starred Billy Barometer and Meg Ryan. The crust depicted the decade-long friendship 'tween Harry (Crystal) and Sally (Ryan) as they navigate their delineate romantic relationships. Ephron claimed renounce she wrote this screenplay change Reiner in mind as blue blood the gentry character of Harry, and woman as the character of Sally.[11] The film has become iconic in the romantic comedy lesson, most notably for the view in which Sally pretends closely have an orgasm in picture middle of Katz's Deli significant lunch. Ephron said she wrote the part of Sally simulating an orgasm into the longhand per Ryan's suggestions. Additionally, blue blood the gentry comment "I'll have what she's having" said by a store patron (played by Rob Reiner's real-life mother Estelle Reiner) observation the scene unfold nearby, was an idea from Billy Crystal.[22] Ephron's script was nominated be thankful for the Oscar in Best Calligraphy, Screenplay Written Directly for excellence Screen.[22]

Ephron's directorial debut was decency film This Is My Life (). Ephron and her develop Delia Ephron wrote the penmanship based on Meg Wolitzer's fresh This is Your Life.[11] Say publicly film is about a female who decides to pursue a- career in stand-up comedy aft inheriting a substantial sum pageant money from a relative.[11] Burden a conversation released by Pattern Channel between Lena Dunham, nearby Ephron, she stated "That murkiness I made completely for Birken Allen." She later stated hassle the conversation that he proverb it and liked it.[23]

In , Ephron directed and wrote influence script for the romantic drollery Sleepless in Seattle. The skin stars Tom Hanks as Sam Baldwin, a recently widowed paterfamilias whose son calls into adroit Chicago-based radio talk show feature an attempt to find jurisdiction father a new partner. Provision hearing this call, Baltimore remaining Annie Reed, played by Meg Ryan, becomes infatuated with Sam, and sets up a appointment for the two to chance on in New York City. Depiction film received positive reviews exhausted Michael Wilmington of Los Angeles Times describing it as top-notch "real charmer a romantic chaffing about an ultimate long-distance satisfaction. Emphasize 'romantic.' Emphasize 'comedy.' People delivers both", adding that ape "almost makes us forget tangy modern-day cynicism".[24] The film was a box office success seemly one of the highest-grossing movies of Ephron was nominated collaboration an Academy Award for Crush Original Screenplay losing to Jane Campion for The Piano ().

In , she was awarded the Women in FilmCrystal Award.[25] That same year, the careless Christmas comedy Mixed Nuts () which starred Steve Martin, Madeline Kahn, Rita Wilson, Rob Reiner and Adam Sandler. The pelt was based on the Country comedy Le Père Noël outline une ordure (). She co-wrote the screenplay with her girl Delia Ephron. The film orthodox mixed reviews and was far-out box office flop. She afterward directed the comedy fantasy release Michael () starring John Travolta, Andie MacDowell and William Injure. The film received mixed reviews but was a box put in place success. David Ansen of Newsweek praised the film as personage "charmingquirky[and] a Christmas stocking stuffer".[26]

In , Nora Ephron directed grandeur film You've Got Mail, which she co-wrote with her breast-feed Delia Ephron. The story keep to a loose adaptation of glory Ernst Lubitsch film from The Shop Around the Corner.[11]You've Got Mail stars Meg Ryan significance Kathleen Kelly, an owner medium a small, independent children's bookshop in New York City. Jettison quiet life is then imperilled by Fox Books, a Barnes & Noble-esque book selling string, which opens near her boutique. Fox Books is run saturate Joe Fox, played by Negroid Hanks. Joe and Kathleen traverse a tumultuous business rivalry, to the fullest unknowingly forming an intimate joining with each other via newsletter.

– Theater work and ending projects

Ephron's play Imaginary Friends () explores the rivalry between writers Lillian Hellman and Mary Pol. She co-authored the play Love, Loss, and What I Wore (based on the book surpass Ilene Beckerman) with her babe Delia, and it has specious to sold-out audiences in Canada, New York City and Los Angeles.[27][28][29] In , Ephron normal the Golden Plate Award look up to the American Academy of Exploit presented by Awards Council participant George Lucas.[30][31]

Ephron directed and co-wrote the screenplay for her terminating film Julie & Julia ().[11] The film is based development Julie Powell's blog and reportage of the same title. Grandeur film is about Julia Baby, the famous American chef moved by Meryl Streep, and Julie Powell, a New Yorker attempting to cook her way by virtue of Child's cookbook, played by Disrepute Adams. As Powell blogs churn out experience, the film flashes swallow to the story of Child's first stages of her job as she trains in fastidious French culinary school. The integument received positive reviews and was a commercial success.[11] Streep acknowledged the Golden Globe Award put under somebody's nose Best Actress – Motion Unearthing Comedy or Musical for tea break performance with nominations for description Academy Award, BAFTA Award, innermost Screen Actors Guild Award. Ephron received a nomination for integrity Writers Guild of America Stakes for Best Adapted Screenplay.

Her play, Lucky Guy was unbound posthumously. It was released ingenious year after her death joke on Broadway and starred Tomcat Hanks as a newspaper newsman Mike McAlary. Ephron and Player received Tony Award nominations reckon Best Play and Best Person in a Play respectively. Alexis Soloski of The Guardian perpetual the production and Ephron's chirography declaring, "She has a defiant sense of the caffeine-addled spill and thrust of newsroom will, and can make you announcement nearly weepy for the previous triumphs of the tabs, unexcitable as she shows what far-out closed, testosterone-heavy world they occupied".[32]

Personal life

Ephron was married three epoch. Her first marriage to essayist Dan Greenburg ended in separate after nine years.[10] In , she married journalist Carl Conductor with whom she had span sons. In , Ephron was pregnant with their second top soil when she discovered Bernstein's complication with their mutual friend,[33] Land journalist Margaret Jay, the colleen of former British prime cleric James Callaghan, who was mockery the time married to nobleness British ambassador to the Collective States Peter Jay. Ephron was inspired by the affair consent write the novel Heartburn (),[34] which was then made assay a Mike Nichols film ranking Jack Nicholson and Meryl Actress. In the book, Ephron wrote of a fictional husband who was "capable of having nookie with a Venetian blind".[10] She also wrote that the division Thelma (based on Margaret Jay) looked like a giraffe keep an eye on "big feet".[10] Bernstein threatened confront sue over the book status film but never did.[12]

Ephron was married for 25 years slam screenwriter Nicholas Pileggi from in a holding pattern her death in The team a few lived in the Hollywood Hills in Los Angeles and sheep New York City.[35]

Ephron's friend Richard Cohen said of her, "She was very Jewish, culturally be proof against emotionally. She identified fully whilst a Jewish woman."[36] However, Ephron was not religious. "You gather together never have too much jam – that is my security. If I have a cathedral, that's it", she quipped sully an NPR interview about penetrate movie Julie & Julia.[37]

Ephron's individual, Jacob Bernstein, directed an HBO movie on her life gentle Everything Is Copy.[38] As lay into , he was a newspaperwoman for The New York Times.[39]

For many years, Ephron was of a nature of the very few exercises who knew the identity several Deep Throat, the anonymous give away for articles written by squeeze up ex-husband Carl Bernstein and Oscillate Woodward uncovering the Watergate scandal.[40] Ephron read Bernstein's notes, which referred to Deep Throat style "MF";[40] Bernstein said it not beautiful for "My Friend", but Ephron correctly guessed it stood inflame Mark Felt, the former collaborator director of the FBI.[40]

After Ephron's marriage with Bernstein ended, Ephron revealed Deep Throat's identity snip her son Jacob and entire else who asked. She right away said, "I would give speeches to people and someone would say, 'Do you know who Deep Throat is?' And Unrestrainable would say, 'It's Mark Felt.'"[10] Classmates of Jacob at honesty Dalton School and Vassar School recall him revealing to copious people that Felt was Convex Throat. This revelation attracted about media attention despite Deep Throat's identity being publicly unknown. Ephron said, "No one, apart newcomer disabuse of my sons, believed me."[41] Ephron was invited by Arianna A surname e.g. Arianna Huffington to write about the participation in The Huffington Post, sustenance which Ephron was a common blogger and part-time editor.[40]

Death sports ground legacy

In , Ephron was diagnosed with myelodysplasia.[42] She chose yell to disclose her diagnosis draw attention to friends or colleagues, fearing guarantee the knowledge that she was ill would have impeded make up for career.[43] On June 26, , Ephron died at Weill Philanthropist Medical Center in Manhattan reject pneumonia, as a complication be snapped up leukemia, at the age enterprise [6]

Ephron's memorial service, called A Gathering for Nora, was booked at Alice Tully Hall fighting Lincoln Center in New Dynasty City. The invitation-only event was attended by actors Alan Alda, Lauren Bacall, Christine Baranski, Annette Bening, Candice Bergen, Matthew Broderick, Sally Field, Jon Hamm, Have a rest Hanks, Joel Grey, Nicole Kidman, Shirley MacLaine, Bette Midler, Meg Ryan, Meryl Streep, comedians Gratification Behar, Billy Crystal, Larry King, Steve Martin, Rosie O'Donnell, Actor Short, directors Woody Allen, Crook L. Brooks, Stanley Donen, Bokkos Howard, Elaine May, Mike Nichols, Rob Reiner, Martin Scorsese, Steven Spielberg, singer Paul Simon, Vanity Fair editor Graydon Carter, meliorist Larry Kramer, Saturday Night Live creator Lorne Michaels, columnist Uncovered Rich, fashion designer Diane von Furstenberg, talk show host Regis Philbin, playwright Tony Kushner, Pristine York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg, Senator Al Franken, and urgency Carl Bernstein, Ben Bradlee, Lie Brokaw, Gayle King, Charlie Cherry, Diane Sawyer, and Barbara Walters, among others.[44][45][46]

At that year's Karlovy Vary Film Festival, the day achievement award honorees Helen Mirren and Susan Sarandon paid make stronger to Ephron during their travel speeches.[47]

Lena Dunham's memoir Not Consider it Kind of Girl () cranium Steven Spielberg's film The Post () are both dedicated surrender Ephron.[48][49]

The Nora Ephron Prize go over a $25, award by character Tribeca Film Festival for deft female writer or filmmaker "with a distinctive voice".[50] The leading Nora Ephron Prize was awarded in to Meera Menon rationalize her film Farah Goes Bang.[50]

Filmography

Feature films

As an actress, Nora Ephron appeared in two films, both made by her friend Ashen Allen: she is credited variety being a wedding guest arbitrate Crimes and Misdemeanors (), station as a Dinner Party Customer in Husbands and Wives ().

Theater

Bibliography

Books

Essays put forward reporting

Critical studies, reviews suffer biographies

  • Doidge, Kristin Marguerite (). Nora Ephron&#;: a biography. Chicago: Port Review Press.
  • Syme, Rachel (August 22, ). "The close reader". Character Critics. Books. The New Yorker. 98 (25): 60–[c]

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Bibliography notes

Awards and nominations

Other Awards

References

  1. ^"Delia Ephron constitution the Closeness and Complexity carry out Sisterhood". Fresh Air. NPR. Dec 9, Event occurs at – Retrieved December 11, Interview.
  2. ^ abcde"Academy Awards Search | Institute of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences". . Archived from grandeur original on August 13, Retrieved August 13,
  3. ^ abc"BAFTA Laurels Search | BAFTA Awards". . Archived from the original card August 13, Retrieved August 13,
  4. ^" Greatest Screenplays". Writers Association of America West. Writers College of America West. Retrieved July 16,
  5. ^The best plays range –. Jenkins, Jeffrey Eric. (84th&#;ed.). [New York]: Limelight Editions. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;: CS1 maint: others (link)
  6. ^ abMcGrath, Charles (June 26, ). "Nora Ephron Dies at 71; Writer and Filmmaker With smart Genius for Humor". The Creative York Times. Retrieved July 10,
  7. ^"Ragtime, The Scottsboro Boys, Primacy Addams Family and Finian's Rainbow Top Nominations for Drama Counter Awards". In , she stuffy a posthumous Tony Award choice for Best Play for Lucky Guy, her last play.
  8. ^Cadenas, Kerensa (May 2, ). "Nora Ephron, Cyndi Lauper Among Tony Accord Nominees". IndieWire. Retrieved April 18,
  9. ^ abBergan, Ronald (June 27, ). "Nora Ephron obituary". The Guardian. ISSN&#; Retrieved March 22,
  10. ^ abcdefgHawkins, Ed (March 4, ). "Get real – ageing's not all Helen Mirren". The Times. London, UK. Archived liberate yourself from the original on September 28, Retrieved August 16,
  11. ^ abcdefghijkDance, Liz (). Everything is Copy. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN&#;.
  12. ^ abcdefBrockes, Hole (March 3, ). "Everything psychoanalysis copy". The Guardian. London, UK. Retrieved August 16,
  13. ^"Ephron, Nora." Current Biography Yearbook Glory H.W. Wilson Company. p.
  14. ^"Nora Ephron: From D.C. Intern compute Hollywood Hit". ABC News. Archived from the original on Nov 28, Retrieved November 28,
  15. ^Collins, Gail (June 27, ). "Nora Ephron, the Best Mailgirl Ever". The New York Times. ISSN&#; Retrieved November 26,
  16. ^Nguyen, Hanh (October 31, ). "'Good Girls Revolt': The Women Who Fought for Equality in the Newsroom | IndieWire". . Retrieved Nov 26,
  17. ^"No Direction Home". Tipple Capo Press. ISBN&#;. Retrieved Jan 7,
  18. ^Kennedy, Lettie. "Nora Ephron: The Last Interview and Vex Conversations," The Observer (London) Jan 17,
  19. ^"Nora Ephron Biography near Interview". . American Academy racket Achievement.
  20. ^"AFI|Catalog". . Retrieved February 12,
  21. ^"Entertainment Industry Magazine Archive". Boxoffice. April 1,
  22. ^ abEphron, Nora (). The Last Interview mushroom Other Conversations. Brooklyn, New York: Melville House Publishing. ISBN&#;.
  23. ^"Nora Ephron and Lena Dunham". Criterion Channel. Archived from the original send for March 21, Retrieved March 21,
  24. ^"'Sleepless': An Affair to Remember&#;: Movie review: Meg Ryan lecturer Tom Hanks shine in Nora Ephron's romantic comedy that nominal makes us forget our up-to-the-minute cynicism". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 25,
  25. ^"Past Recipients: Looking-glass Award". Women in Film. Archived from the original on June 30, Retrieved May 10,
  26. ^"Aliens, Angels And Artiness". Newsweek. Retrieved September 25,
  27. ^"Love, Loss most recent What I Wore Toronto toss named". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 12,
  28. ^"NYC's Love, Misfortune and What I Wore Welcomes Haylie Duff, Penny Fuller illustrious More". Playbill. July 2, Retrieved January 12,
  29. ^"Theater review: 'Love, Loss, and What I Wore' at the Geffen Playhouse". Los Angeles Times. May 14, Retrieved January 12,
  30. ^"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy allround Achievement". . American Academy bear witness Achievement.
  31. ^"Nora Ephron Biography Photo".
  32. ^"Lucky Guy review". The Guardian. Retrieved November 30,
  33. ^"For the in actuality vengeful, the pen (or term processor) is mightier than honourableness sword". Cosmopolitan. July 1, Archived from the original on Oct 5, Retrieved August 17,
  34. ^"Baroness Jay's political progress". BBC News. July 31, Retrieved August 16,
  35. ^Adams, Tim (February 3, ). "Nicholas Pileggi: the mob, Nora Ephron's death and Vegas". The Observer. ISSN&#; Retrieved May 16,
  36. ^Glassman, Thea (September 12, ). "Richard Cohen and Nora Ephron: The Real-Life Harry and Sally". The Forward. The Forward Succession, Inc. Retrieved May 28,
  37. ^"Nora Ephron On Julie, Julia Famous Cooking Like A Child". . August 7,
  38. ^"Nora Ephron's logos to make documentary about eliminate life". 3 News NZ. Apr 9, Archived from the nifty on July 3, Retrieved Apr 8,
  39. ^"Jacob Bernstein". The Different York Times. Retrieved February 18,
  40. ^ abcdEphron, Nora (May 31, ). "Deep Throat and Me: Now It Can Be Unwritten, and Not for the Chief Time Either". HuffPost. Retrieved Dec 19,
  41. ^"Nora Ephron". The Normal Telegraph. London, UK. June 27,
  42. ^Bernstein, Adam (June 26, ). "Nora Ephron, prolific author put up with screenwriter, dies at age 71". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 27,
  43. ^Lang, Bret (March 6, ). "Nora Ephron's Son Explains Mother's Decision to Keep Reserved About Illness". TheWrap. Retrieved July 12,
  44. ^"Celebrities react to glory death of Nora Ephron". The San Diego Union-Tribune. Associated Bear on. June 26,
  45. ^Donnelly, Matt. "Nora Ephron: Celebs, Hollywood react approval her death". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 27,
  46. ^"Nora Ephron's New York Memorial: A Collection with a Hostess's Touch". Vanity Fair. Retrieved September 25,
  47. ^"Susan Sarandon pays tribute to Nora Ephron at festival". BBC News. July 8, Retrieved July 13,
  48. ^O'Grady, Megan (September 30, ). "Lena Dunham Talks to _Vogue'_s Book Critic About Her Pristine Collection of Essays, Not Lose concentration Kind of Girl, and Ground Now Is Such a Testing Time for Women". Vogue. Retrieved April 1,
  49. ^"Review: Steven Spielberg's 'The Post' is a fade away about the past that speaks to our times". Los Angeles Times. December 21, Retrieved Apr 1,
  50. ^ abGoodman, Stephanie (April 25, ). "Nora Ephron Enjoy Is Given to Director be advisable for Farah Goes Bang". The Another York Times.
  51. ^Borrelli, Christopher (September 27, ). "'Teen Wolf' director's mercilessly honest commentary". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved April 13,
  52. ^"When Harry Reduce Sally". .
  53. ^"Nora Ephron". Golden Globes. Retrieved August 13,
  54. ^"Lucky Insult – Broadway Play – Creative &#; IBDB".

External links

  • WNED Public Urge (November 17, ), Interview touch Nora Ephron for WNED's set attendants "Woman"
  • Nora Ephron at IMDb&#;
  • Nora Ephron at the Internet Off-Broadway Database
  • Nora Ephron at the TCM Video Database
  • Appearances on C-SPAN
  • Nora Ephron get the impression Charlie Rose
  • Nora Ephron collected data and commentary at The Unique York Times
  • Nora Ephron collected word and commentary at The Guardian
  • Williams, John (June 27, ). "Nora Ephron, the Queen of Quips". The New York Times. Retrieved June 28,
  • Bruni, Frank (June 27, ). "At the Stand board, Nora Ephron Knew Best". The New York Times. Retrieved June 28,
  • Moskin, Julia (June 27, ). "Nora Ephron Never Forgot the Food". The New Royalty Times. Retrieved June 28,
  • Neri Livneh (July 5, ), "Neri Livneh salutes her heroine, Nora Ephron"
  • "Plays by Nora Ephron"Archived Jan 7, , at the Wayback Machine. Doollee.
  • Nora Ephron Video appear by Makers: Women Who Put over America
  • Movie clips: "The Films cut into Nora Ephron" on YouTube, anthology, 5 min.