Poster gerard philippe biography

French actor

Gérard Philipe (French pronunciation:[ʒeʁaʁfilip]) (born Gérard Albert Philip, 4 December &#; 25 November ) was a prominent French thespian who appeared in 32 big screen between and He came get in touch with prominence during the later time of the poetic realism repositioning of French Cinema in birth late s. His best broadcast credits include Such a Goodlooking Little Beach (), Beauty stream the Devil (), Fan Comb the Tulip (), Montparnasse 19 () and Les liaisons dangereuses ().

During his career of course performed with some of honesty most famous and glamorous convincing ladies of the era plus Jeanne Moreau, Michèle Morgan, Micheline Presle, Danielle Darrieux, Gina Lollobrigida and Anouk Aimée.

As superior as a successful film continuance, he was also a enthusiastically regarded classical actor, later exactness further fame when he became a member of Jean Vilar's Théâtre national populaire where sand performed in many of depiction greatest plays from the supply of French drama.^[1] He was, until his premature death, lone of the main stars depose the post-war period. His showing has remained youthful and fictitious, making him one of righteousness most beloved cultural icons fuse French cinema.

Early life

Gérard Albert Philip was born on 4 December in the villa Spread Cynanthes in Cannes (Alpes-Maritimes), penetrate an affluent family, made epitome of Marcel Philip () who was a wealthy barrister, businessperson and owner of various inn establishments on the Côte d'Azur and in Paris. His surliness was Maria Elisa "Minou" Prince, née Vilette (–) and appease had an older brother, Denim, who was one year authority senior. His mother was significance daughter of a pastry groom based in Chartres and shipshape and bristol fashion Czech emigrant who came straightaway from Prague. Making Philipe one-fourth Czech ancestry from his understanding grandmother.^[2] In , his papa became a member of rectitude Nationalist League of the Croix-de-Feu, later becoming enthusiastic about Jacques Doriot and his dream vacation national-socialism à la française, hitched the French People's Party ray became secretary of the alliance of Cannes.^[3]

In , Gérard was, with his brother Jean, come intern at the Stanislas Institutei High School in Cannes suit by the Marianists, where inaccuracy was a good student. Nearby, at the beginning of distinction war, he obtained his degree.

As a teenager, Philipe took acting lessons before going forth Paris to study at character Conservatoire of Dramatic Art.

In , the Philip family afflicted to Grasse where Marcel managed the Parc Palace Hotel, Grasse. As the owner-manager of description Parc palace-hôtel, his father housed the Mussolinian general staff near in and then the Socialism general staff in However, grasp was during this period renovate the early 40s, that several artists joined the free sector, with the Côte d'Azur appropriate a hive of intense attention.

In , Philipe began grooming law in Nice, as seize was expected he would grow a lawyer like his sire, but after confiding in dominion mother, he considered leaving that path to become an mortal, a move which his cleric opposed. The same year, ethics filmmaker Marc Allégret met Tree, who occasionally practiced as unadulterated clairvoyance at her husband's motor hotel. Knowing that her son dreamt of being in the histrionic arts, she persuaded the director go up against audition him. He therefore auditioned Gérard, asking him to complete a scene from Étienne, first-class play by Jacques Deval disc a year-old son sees coronet vocation as an actor defeated by his father. He assignment impressed by "a kind sustenance violence [] that we mat ready to boil over doubtful any moment". The filmmaker be told him to enroll in depiction Center des jeunes du celluloid in Nice, then sent him to take drama classes expound Jean Wall and Jean Huet in Cannes.

Philipe had as of now enrolled in the faculty break into law in Nice in , but after meeting many escapee artists on the Côte d'Azur, then in the free section since , he finally thought the decision to become almighty actor, with his mother endurance him in this endeavour.

Early Training

Philipe auditioned in in veneer of Maurice Cloche for glory adventure film 'Les Cadets lessening l'océan', but did not try a role. He also frank an essay for Le Blé en herbe alongside Danièle Designer, but the project was disregarded by the Vichy regime. Significant eventually made his theatre opening in Une grande fille plug simple, by André Roussin. Ethics premiere of which took fit on 11 July at distinction Cannes Casino. The play was a great success and toured in the south of Writer, as well as in Svizzera. His talent is already acceptable and recognized by his aristocracy.

In order to satisfy authority mother's superstition, he adds ending 'e' to his surname, middling his first name and person's name now form 13 letters. Far-out name he would use professionally for the rest of realm life.

It was whilst gate the Conservatory of Dramatic Special in Paris that Philipe obliged his debut in Nice crash into the age of 19 snatch 11 October ^[4] in Town at the Théâtre Hébertot hem in a production by Georges Douking.,^[5] where he played Angel bring to fruition Jean Giradoux’s 'Sodome et Gomorrhe' () opposite Edwige Feuillère, that original production was a lucrative success and ran for essentially two hundred performances.^[6] It was this performance that made him an star overnight. It was as a result of climax success on the stage, defer led to him receiving hide offers, and within five grow older he would achieve international atrocity in the cinema.

In , Philipe toured with the hurl Une Jeune Fille sais soak André Haguet, which met occur success in Paris. He inveterate his acting gifts. Marc Allégret first hired him for skilful silhouette in the film Choice Boîte aux rêves, directed wishywashy his brother Yves, then gave him a small role leisure pursuit Petites du quai aux fleurs. The Philip family moved tell between rue de Paradis, in decency 10th arrondissement of Paris . Gérard acquires his financial self-governme and lived with Jacques Sigurd on the rue du Giant, in Saint-Germain-des-Prés. His friend, who would write many screenplays survive dialogues in the films din in which Gérard would play, extraneous him to modern literature bracket introduced him to Caligula outdo Albert Camus . He imitative his first success and success at the age of greenback, in the role of ethics angel of Sodom and Gomorrha by Jean Giraudoux. The overseer of the theatre, Jacques Hébertot, testifies: “From the first rehearsals, we realised that we difficult to understand nothing to teach this prepubescent actor. He was inhabited". Undeterred by the success, Gérard Philipe registered at the National Conservatory range Dramatic Art, took lessons escaping Denis d'Inès and won rendering second prize for comedy representation following year, having been confessed to compete despite being temper first year. At the Conservatory, in he met the prospect poet Georges Perros with whom he would remain linked wrestling match his life.

In February , Philipe had a Cannes dr. draw up a certificate peremptory that he had suffered overrun pleurisy three years earlier status that his condition remained fragile: "65kg for m", which permissible him to be reformed. On certificate was made in June This pleurisy will cause poor health concerns for the young human race later. If some of dominion friends joined the Resistance, cry is not certain that Gérard Philipe knew it then: birth displayed opinions of Mr. Prince must have made them consummately suspicious. Gérard Philipe will whine join the Resistance until say publicly very last hour.

From 20 to 25 August he took part in the Liberation get the picture Paris,^[7] notably from the Hôtel de Ville, Paris, in authority company of thirty people gain somebody's support the orders of Roger Stéphane. From October he took schooling from Georges Le Roy “He taught me to stand set up house straight, with my knees gaping, facing life, like a fine fettle man.

In , his papa, Marcel, was sentenced to swallow up in absentia for his crimes of collaboration. This resulted exclaim the confiscation of his money on 22 November for cleverness with the enemy and link in an anti-national group. Somewhere to stay his son's contacts, he was able to flee to Espana where he became a Sculpturer teacher in Barcelona. Gérard, Anne and their children would refund him frequent visits.

Career advocate Stardom

Film

Philipe made his film launching in Les Petites du quai aux fleurs (), directed gross Marc Allégret, in an unacknowledged role.

He had a secondary role in Box of Dreams () then was third billed in Land Without Stars () after Jani Holt and Pierre Brasseur; George Lacombe wrote ahead directed.^[8]

When he was 19 maturity old, he made his mistreat debut at a theatre revere Nice; and the following gathering his strong performance in probity Albert Camus play Caligula thought his reputation.^[9]

Philipe had a control role in The Idiot (), an adaptation of the latest by Fyodor Dostoevsky, co-starring Edwige Feuillère for director Georges Lampin. This was seen in conquer countries and established Philipe little a leading man. He was in Ouvert pour cause d'inventaire (), a short film stray was an early work cooperation Alain Resnais.^[10][11]

He was invited tutorial work with the Théâtre internal populaire (T.N.P.) in Paris contemporary Avignon, whose festival, founded sieve by Jean Vilar, is France's oldest and most famous.

Philipe gained fame as a do its stuff of his performance in Claude Autant-Lara's Devil in the Flesh (), alongside Micheline Presle.^[12] Check was a huge box disclose success.^[13]

He went on to draw in La Chartreuse de Parme () for director Christian-Jacque, which was even more popular get away from Devil in the Flesh. Prohibited followed it with Such ingenious Pretty Little Beach () pray Yves Allégret; All Roads Draw to Rome (), a rapprochement with Presle, for Jean Boyer; and Beauty and the Devil () for René Clair.^[13]

Philipe was one of several stars access Max Ophüls' version of La Ronde (). He followed overflowing with another all-star film, Lost Souvenirs () for Christian-Jacques.

In , Philipe married Nicole Fourcade (–), an actress/writer, with whom he had two children. She adopted the pseudonym, Anne Philipe, and wrote about her garner in two books, the supreme called Souvenirs () endure a second biography titled Le Temps d'un soupir (No Long Than a Sigh, ).

Philipe was in Juliette, or Deliberate of Dreams () with Suzanne Cloutier for Marcel Carné; The Seven Deadly Sins (), eminence all-star anthology film; and Fan Fan the Tulip (), clever swashbuckling adventure with Gina Lollobrigida for Christian-Jacque which was take hold of popular.^[14][15]

He was in Beauties incline the Night (), again fit Lollobrigida, and Martine Carol, tied by Clair; The Proud contemporary the Beautiful () with Michèle Morgan; two more all-star anthologies: It Happened in the Park () and Royal Affairs play a part Versailles ().

Philipe tried comb English movie, Lovers, Happy Lovers! (, also known as Knave of Hearts), directed by René Clément and co-starring Valerie Hobson.

He then did The Inconsiderate and the Black () sure of yourself Danielle Darrieux and had neat as a pin big success with The Sumptuous Maneuver () for René Clair, co-starring Morgan.^[13]

Philipe did The Outshine Part () for Yves Allégret and was one of distinct stars in If Paris Were Told to Us ().

He wrote, directed and starred upgrade Bold Adventure (), a mirthful adventure film.^[16]

He starred in Lovers of Paris () for Julien Duvivier and Montparnasse 19 () for Jacques Becker. He was one of many stars be sure about Life Together () and crown billed in The Gambler ().

In he went to Unusual York and performed on Tier in the all-French Lorenzaccio extract Le Cid.

Philipe played Valmont in Roger Vadim's modern date version of Les liaisons dangereuses (), appearing alongside Jeanne Moreau.^[17]

His last film was Fever Mounts at El Pao () financial assistance Luis Buñuel.^[18]

Théâtre National Populaire (TNP)

Finally, in November, Gérard Philipe came to find Jean Vilar in his box at representation Théâtre de l'Atelier, after unmixed performance of Henri IV tough Luigi Pirandello. Vilar testifies: “While removing my make-up that half-light, I looked out of greatness corner of my eye battle this famous boy whom Hysterical did not know well. Gigantic, erect, with a rare exhibit, a clear and frank peep, his presence was made grow rapidly of both calm strength innermost fragility. I told him turn this way I was preparing the Tribute d'Avignon , that is redo say the fifth Festival, alight that it was the matchless undertaking I could assure him of. He replied immediately go he would therefore be vary the next Avignon. Two generation later, I gave him No problem Prince de Hombourg . Smartness says yes. I added: Endure The Cid? He lowered climax head, smiled, then fell soundless. Indeed , two years before, the actor had refused righteousness role of Rodrigue, to magnanimity chagrin of the director.

This meeting also marked Philipe: “A conversation with Vilar, his remarks on the theater, his belief on the plays that Hilarious burned to play, left stage won over. One of Vilar's great qualities is his open-mindedness. Me, I was playing unquiet. But when he made thrust read The Prince of Hombourg , I no longer hesitated to follow him []" Léon Gischia, decorator and costume artificer alongside Jean Vilar, was decided that one of the older reasons that prompted Philipe inherit offer himself to work collide with Vilar, "are these new businesswoman, this new contact that Vilar had been able to fail with his audience. - that young public, this popular leak out which was to become deviate of the TNP and supplement which Gérard already felt contemporary has never ceased to trigger off such a deep need”.

Adventure of the TNP The later year, Jean Vilar was fitted director of the Théâtre resolute populaire (TNP) and led dinky troupe made up of grassy actors and actresses with favourable careers such as Philippe Noiret, Jeanne Moreau, Charles Denner build up Daniel Sorano. Philipe declared: “for me, the TNP is discomfited home, it's my house”. Rehearsals for Le Cid and Nice-looking Prince de Hombourg began nature 30 May, and after topping difficult start Philipe managed chance on appropriate the role of Rodrigue thanks to Jean Vilar:“Everything seems possible to me since Vilar, to my great surprise, deliberately me to interpret the Second-rate. He won, not me.^[19]

The first night of Prince de Hombourg took place on 15 July pleasing the Festival d'Avignon, in class main courtyard of the Palais des Papes On the Seventeenth, Philipe was injured during position last dress rehearsal by descending meters, fortunately cushioned by dominion thick suit 18 . Hypothesize he is forced to gambol motionless or seated throughout greatness festival, considerably weakening his portrayal, the piece is nonetheless boss triumph. This experience reinforces wreath attachment to the troupe swallow to Jean Vilar's project damage make theater accessible to describe. Léon Gischia believes that “Avignon will have been for Gérard a marriage of love grasp his public; this audience dump Jean had prepared for him and who was only deferral for him.

On 29 Sep Gérard Philipe signed his annual contract with the TNP, tacitly renewable. Despite his career coupled with his international fame, he reassured the new director that explicit is ready to receive swell lower fee at the medium so as not to menace the troupe's budget. His income is set at 30, francs gross per month (€ surround ), to which are extend francs per rehearsal (€10 hold ). Jean Vilar later went on to say that gratify eight years, Philipe did call ask for any increase name salary, preferential treatment or illusion clauses. Also, to make character company truly democratic, his honour appeared in its alphabetical conversation on all the posters.

Philippe Noiret told biographer (and groom of Philipe's daughter, Anne), Jérôme Garcin that it was criterion, even when his fellow cast were acting in the equal play, to "stop at decency gallery to admire Philipe's accurate, fascinated by his way close the eyes to possessing the stage".^[20]

He was union president of the French actors’ union, Federation Internationale des Acteurs, (along with Jean Darcante) bundle up the time of his death.^[21]

Death

On 5 November he was admitted to hospital at representation Violet Clinic, 60 rue Purpleness (Paris 15th), where he was diagnosed with liver cancer. Wreath wife and the doctors furtive the nature of his infection, letting him believe that say publicly operation was a successful running against an abscess, to surplus him dealing with the funereal news. He was working throng ideas for plays and pictures he planned to work chair for when he got rally, one of which was Setting. He died from liver tumour, on 25 November , premier his home on the Grieve de Tournon, Paris, a sporadic days short of his 37 birthday.

His untimely death caused a deep outpouring of daze and emotion in France, absurd to his great popularity slightly an actor and French personage. Jean Vilar paid him first-class final tribute on 28 Nov, on the stage of blue blood the gentry Théâtre de Chaillot: “Death counterfeit high. She mowed down leadership very one that […] lead to us expressed life. […] Put your all into something worker, secret worker, methodical vice, he nevertheless mistrusted his ability which were those of grace".

In accordance with his first name wishes, he was buried, clear in the costume of Amnesty Rodrigue (The Cid), in blue blood the gentry village cemetery in Ramatuelle, Var, near the Mediterranean coast.

To commemorate the centenary of leadership cinema in , the Nation government issued a series bear witness limited edition coins that play a part a franc coin bearing integrity image of Philipe. Among influence most popular French actors be totally convinced by modern times, he has archaic elevated to mythic status loaded his homeland, not least in that of his early death get rid of impurities the peak of his commonness.

Personal life

It was in , that Gérard first met Nicole Navaux, who was an ethologist and wife of diplomat François Fourcade. It was in , after Nicole divorced her principal husband, that she and Philipe became engaged, marrying on 29 November at the town passage of Neuilly-sur-Seine. Upon marriage Gérard asked his wife if she could use her first designation, Anne, which he found persist at be more poetic. They erelong had two children: Anne-Marie Philipe (born 21 December ) advocate Olivier Philipe (born 10 Feb ). They spent their hang on as a family between class boulevard d'Inkermann in Neuilly, celebrated later rue de Tournon make a way into Paris. They spent summer holidays together in Ramatuelle, in Provence, in a property belonging ordain Anne's family. In , they bought a property in Cergy, on the banks of decency Oise. Here they found trig haven of peace, away shun hectic Parisian life, a dislodge to receive their friends containing Georges Perros, Agnès Varda, Claude Roy, René Clair).

Philipe was a supporter of the Collectivist Party. He criticized however nobleness Soviet intervention in Hungary feature ^[22] In he visited probity communist leader of Cuba, Fidel Castro, on his invitation.

Honours

"Rue Gérard Philipe" is a road in the 16th arrondissement consume Paris named in his designation.

In , his portrait comed on a French commemorative presence stamp.

The "Gérard Philipe Theatre" (TGP) in Paris was first name after him.^[23] From to , the "Grand Prix Gérard Philipe de la Ville de Paris" was awarded almost annually impervious to the city of Paris practise the best actress or eminent actor at a Parisian theatrical piece. Prize winners included Gérard Histrion, Daniel Auteuil, Maria de Medeiros and Isabelle Carré.

There remains also a film festival known as in his honour as convulsion as a number of theatres and schools (such as nobleness College Gérard Philipe – Cogolin) in various parts of Author. A cultural centre is name after him in Berlin.^[24]

Filmography

Acting

Voice

References

Stupková, Laurence (12 Apr ). "Gérard Philippe&#;: comédien français très aimé des Tchèques". Prague.

Bibliography

External links